From the point of view of the Austrian Federal Chamber of Labour, neither the efficiency nor the effectiveness of the changes proposed is easy to comprehend. There is no connection between opening up the market and an efficient rail service. Nor is there a connection between the structure of the undertaking and efficient rail service. Both market shares and passenger satisfaction develop independently of the degree of liberalisation, of tendering and of the corporate structure. In many cases, further liberalisation is responsible for additional costs and deteriorating working conditions.